Table 1 mRNA-based COVID-19 vaccines in clinical trials.

From: Towards the future exploration of mucosal mRNA vaccines against emerging viral diseases; lessons from existing next-generation mucosal vaccine strategies

Vaccines

Developers

mRNA type

Delivery system

Encoded protein

Route

Trial phase

References/Trial number

CVnCoV

Curevac/Bayer

Conventional

LNP

FL pre-fusion Spike

IM

III

91

       

ClinicalTrials.gov/ NCT04674189

ARCT-021

Arcthurus Therapeutics

SA

Lipid-based

VEEV-FL-S

IM

II

83

       

ClinicalTrials.gov/ NCT04668339

LNP-nCoVsaRNA

Imperial College London

SA

LNP

VEEV-FL-S-2P

IM

I

83,161

ChulaCov19 mRNA vaccine

Chulalongkorn University

Conventional

LNP

NA

IM

I/II

161

       

ClinicalTrials.gov/ NCT04566276

ARCoV

AMS/Walvax

Conventional

LNP

RBD-S

IM

I

51

  1. Other mRNA COVID-19 vaccine strategies with the delivery systems at different phases of clinical trials: FL full-length, IM intramuscular, LNP lipid nanoparticles, NA not available, RBD receptor binding domain subunit, S spike protein, SA self-amplifying, VEEV Venezuelan equine encephalitis virus.
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