Table 2 Incidence and determinants of systemic reactive symptoms after a first dose of SARS-CoV-2 vaccine.
Minimally adjusted | Fully adjusted | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
N (%) symptomatic | aOR (95% CI) | P | aOR (95% CI) | P | ||
Vaccine type | ChAdOx1 | 3420/5988 (57.0) | 1.00 | 1.00 | ||
BNT162b2 | 810/2864 (28.3) | 0.31 (0.28–0.34) | <0.001 | 0.29 (0.26–0.32) | <0.001 | |
MRNA-1273 | 2/59 (3.4) | 0.03 (0.01–0.11) | <0.001 | 0.06 (0.01–0.26) | <0.001 | |
Other | 30/92 (43.6) | 0.34 (0.22–0.54) | <0.001 | 0.39 (0.4–0.62) | <0.001 | |
Month of dose | Q1 (Jan–Mar) | 4080/8262 (49.4) | 4.14 (3.33–5.14) | <0.001 | 3.79 (3.01–4.76) | <0.001 |
Q2 (Apr–Jun) | 144/625 (23.0) | 1.00 | 1.00 | |||
Q3 (Jul–Sep) | 0/1 (0.00) | N/A | N/Aa | |||
Q4 (Oct–Dec) | 38/1125 (31.3) | 1.94 (1.24–3.02) | 0.003 | 4.28 (2.69–6.80) | <0.001 | |
Age, years | 16–29.99 | 45/120 (37.5) | 1.00 | 1.00 | ||
30–39.99 | 121/341 (35.5) | 0.92 (0.59–1.42) | 0.69 | 0.82 (0.49–1.33) | 0.44 | |
40–49.99 | 373/800 (46.6) | 1.42 (0.96–2.12) | 0.08 | 0.90 (0.57–1.42) | 0.65 | |
50–59.99 | 1286/2192 (58.7) | 2.36 (1.61–3.45) | <0.001 | 1.03 (0.66–1.61) | 0.90 | |
60–69.99 | 1716/3617 (47.4) | 1.56 (1.07–2.28) | 0.021 | 0.72 (0.46–1.12) | 0.14 | |
≥70.00 | 721/1933 (37.3) | 1.10 (0.75–1.61) | 0.64 | 0.58 (0.37–0.92) | 0.020 | |
P for trend | 0.85 (0.81–0.90) | <0.001 | ||||
Sex | Female | 3297/6367 (51.8) | 1.00 | – | – | |
Male | 965/2636 (36.6) | 0.57 (0.52–0.63) | <0.001 | 0.59 (0.53–0.65) | <0.001 | |
IMD rank, quartile | Q1 (most deprived) | 906/2030 (44.7) | 0.84 (0.75–0.95) | 0.006 | 0.90 (0.79–1.02) | 0.10 |
Q2 | 1020/2160 (47.2) | 0.95 (0.84–1.07) | 0.39 | 0.95 (0.84–1.08) | 0.44 | |
Q3 | 1129/2343 (48.2) | 1.00 (0.89–1.12) | 0.96 | 1.00 (0.89–1.13) | 0.97 | |
Q4 (least deprived) | 1182/2430 (48.7) | 1.00 | – | – | ||
P for trend | 0.96 (0.92–1.00) | 0.070 | ||||
Tobacco smoking status | Not current smoker | 4097/8633 (47.5) | 1.00 | 1.00 | ||
Current smoker | 165/370 (44.7) | 0.83 (0.67–1.03) | 0.09 | 0.80 (0.64–1.01) | 0.06 | |
Alcohol, units/wk | 0 | 1170/2349 (49.8) | 1.00 | 1.00 | ||
1–7 | 1530/3189 (48.0) | 0.95 (0.85–1.05) | 0.31 | 1.01 (0.90–1.13) | 0.91 | |
8–14 | 861/1853 (46.5) | 0.93 (0.82–1.05) | 0.25 | 1.02 (0.90–1.18) | 0.68 | |
15–21 | 398/901 (44.2) | 0.86 (0.73–1.01) | 0.06 | 0.91 (0.77–1.08) | 0.30 | |
22–28 | 178/403 (44.3) | 0.91 (0.73–1.14) | 0.42 | 0.98 (0.78–1.24) | 0.89 | |
>28 | 125/308 (40.6) | 0.80 (0.62–1.03) | 0.08 | 0.84 (0.65–1.10) | 0.21 | |
P for trend | 0.98 (0.94–1.02) | 0.26 | ||||
Self-rated general health | Excellent | 801/18,758 (42.7) | 1.00 | 1.00 | ||
Very good | 1620/3590 (45.1) | 1.15 (1.02–1.29) | 0.019 | 1.13 (1.00–1.28) | 0.05 | |
Good | 1162/2326 (50.0) | 1.37 (1.21–1.56) | <0.001 | 1.38 (1.20–1.58) | <0.001 | |
Fair | 530/949 (55.9) | 1.67 (1.42–1.96) | <0.001 | 1.53 (1.28–1.83) | <0.001 | |
Poor | 149/260 (57.3) | 1.74 (1.33–2.27) | <0.001 | 1.54 (1.14–2.07) | 0.005 | |
P for trend | 1.15 (1.10–1.21) | <0.001 | ||||
Pre-vaccination SARS-CoV-2 status | Seronegative | 3560/7640 (46.6) | 1.00 | 1.00 | ||
Seropositive asymptomatic | 439/958 (45.8) | 0.99 (0.86–1.13) | 0.83 | 0.94 (0.81–1.09) | 0.42 | |
Seropositive symptomatic | 263/405 (64.9) | 2.01 (1.62–2.48) | <0.001 | 2.23 (1.78–2.81) | <0.001 | |
P for trend | 1.26 (1.15–1.38) | <0.001 | ||||
Self-rated anxiety or depression | No | 3040/6744 (45.1) | 1.00 | 1.00 | ||
Yes | 1220/2253 (54.2) | 1.35 (1.23–1.49) | <0.001 | 1.24 (1.12–1.39) | <0.001 | |
Asthma | No | 3489/7552 (46.2) | 1.00 | 1.00 | ||
Yes | 773/1451 (53.3) | 1.29 (1.15–1.45) | <0.001 | 1.12 (0.95–1.32) | 0.18 | |
Atopic diseaseb | No | 3041/6684 (45.5) | 1.00 | 1.00 | ||
Yes | 1221/2319 (52.7) | 1.28 (1.16–1.41) | <0.001 | 1.20 (1.08–1.34) | 0.001 | |
Arterial disease | No | 4040/8514 (47.5) | 1.00 | 1.00 | ||
Yes | 222/489 (45.4) | 1.21 (1.00–1.47) | 0.049 | 1.31 (1.06–1.63) | 0.014 | |
Kidney disease | No | 4164/8821 (47.2) | 1.00 | 1.00 | ||
Yes | 98/182 (53.9) | 1.47 (1.09–1.99) | 0.012 | 1.40 (1.01–1.93) | 0.043 | |
Cancer | Never | 3891/8117 (47.9) | 1.00 | 1.00 | ||
Previous | 346/809 (42.8) | 0.84 (0.72–0.97) | 0.021 | 0.83 (0.71–0.97) | 0.019 | |
Active | 25/77 (32.5) | 0.64 (0.39–1.05) | 0.078 | 0.62 (0.37-1.05) | 0.076 | |
Statins | No | 3620/7,377 (49.1) | 1.00 | 1.00 | ||
Yes | 642/1626 (39.5) | 0.87 (0.77–0.98) | 0.022 | 0.84 (0.74–0.97) | 0.014 | |
ACE inhibitors | No | 3903/8101 (48.2) | 1.00 | 1.00 | ||
Yes | 359/902 (39.8) | 0.82 (0.7–0.95) | 0.008 | 0.80 (0.69–0.94) | 0.007 | |
Inhaled corticosteroids | No | 3951/8415 (47.0) | 1.00 | 1.00 | ||
Yes | 311/588 (52.9) | 1.24 (1.04–1.47) | 0.015 | 0.98 (0.78–1.25) | 0.89 | |
Systemic immunosuppressants | No | 4051/8607 (47.1) | 1.00 | 1.00 | ||
Yes | 211/396 (53.3) | 1.29 (1.05–1.59) | 0.014 | 1.10 (0.87–1.38) | 0.423 | |
Inhaled bronchodilators | No | 3807/8160 (46.6) | 1.00 | 1.00 | ||
Yes | 453/837 (54.1) | 1.31 (1.14–1.52) | <0.001 | 1.49 (0.63–3.50) | 0.37 | |
Beta-2 adrenergic agonists | No | 3,822/8,192 (46.7) | 1.00 | 1.00 | ||
Yes | 440/811 (54.3) | 1.31 (1.13–1.51) | <0.001 | 0.66 (0.27–1.60) | 0.36 | |
Multivitamin supplement | No | 3258/7168 (45.5) | 1.00 | 1.00 | ||
Yes | 1004/1835 (54.7) | 1.42 (1.28–1.58) | <0.001 | 1.41 (1.26–1.58) | <0.001 | |
Vitamin D supplement | No | 3213/6690 (48.1) | 1.00 | 1.00 | ||
Yes | 1049/2133 (45.3) | 1.81 (0.97–3.38) | 0.06 | 0.92 (0.83–1.02) | 0.12 | |
