Fig. 7: Cellular responses.

Overall changes in the frequency of select cellular populations are shown for the infant cohorts (a, b), and directly comparing responses observed in adults and children (c). Asterisks indicate significant differences based on paired Wilcoxon test. For panels A and B, the changes occurring at day 1 post prime are shown in red; at day 1 post boost – in blue, and at day 3 post boost – in green. For (c), changes occurring in children are shown in orange, and in adults – in cyan. Horizontal lines indicate the median; boxes extend from first to third quartiles (25th and 75th percentiles); whiskers extend to the most distant value within 1.5 of interquartile range (IQR). d Correlations between transcriptional responses to boost vaccination and activation of monocyte subsets. Changes in gene expression between day 28 (pre-boost baseline) and day 29 (day 1 post boost) were correlated with the changes in CD40 MFI on monocyte subsets for the same days. Genes were ranked by correlation coefficients and GSEA was performed on the ranked lists of genes using BTMs. Size of circles represents the magnitude of enrichment, color – the direction of enrichment; opaque circles indicate the lack of statistical significance of enrichment.