Table 2 Characteristics of the study population high-dose vaccine (HD) and matching controllers standard-dose vaccine (SD)

From: Incremental benefit of high dose compared to standard dose influenza vaccine in reducing hospitalizations

 

2022–2023 Influenza season

2023–2024 Influenza season

 

High-dose vaccine

n = 8728 (%)

Standard-dose vaccine

(n = 403,065) *

Mean percentage (95% CI)

High-dose vaccine

n = 8063 (%)

Standard-dose vaccine

(n = 377,126) **

Mean percentage (95% CI)

Sex

 Female

5925 (67.9%)

67.9% (67.9–67.9%)

5411 (67.1%)

67.1% (67.1–67.1%)

 Male

2803 (32.1%)

32.1% (32.1–32.1%)

2652 (32.1%)

32.1% (32.1–32.1%)

Age (years)

 Median (IQR)

85 (77–90)

85 (77–90)

84 (76–89)

85 (77–89)

 65–69

610 (7.0%)

7.0% (7.0–7.0%)

510 (6.3%)

6.3% (6.3–6.3%)

 70–74

1108 (11.5%)

11.5% (11.5–11.5%)

880 (10.9%)

10.9% (10.9–10.9%)

 75–79

1207 (13.8%)

13.8% (13.8–13.8%)

1193 (14.8%)

14.8% (14.8–14.8%)

 80–84

1509 (17.3%)

17.3% (17.3–17.3%)

1332 (16.5%)

16.5% (16.5–16.5)

 85+

4397 (50.4%)

50.4% (50.4–50.4%)

4150 (51.5%)

51.5% (51.5–51.5)

Sociodemographic score***

 1–4

1913 (21.9%)

26.8% (25.9–27.7%)

1830 (22.7%)

26.1% (25.2–27.0%)

 5–7

3536 (40.5%)

45.0% (44.9–47.0%)

3575 (44.3%)

45.7% (44.6–46.8%)

 8–10

2695 (34.0%)

24.3% (23.5–23.1%)

2422 (30.0%)

25.2% (24.2–26.1%)

 Unspecified

311 (3.6%)

2.9% (2.6–3.3%)

236 (2.9%)

3.0% (2.7–3.4%)

Comorbidities

 Cardiometabolic

6576 (75.3%)

75.3% (75.3–75.3%)

6137 (76.1%)

76.1% (76.1–76.1%)

 Transplant

51 (0.6%)

0.6% (0.6–0.6%)

87 (1.1%)

1.1% (1.1–1.1%)

 Malignancy

2260 (25.9%)

25.9% (25.9–25.9%)

2002 (24.8%)

24.8% (24.8–24.8%)

 Pulmonary

3794 (43.5%)

43.5% (43.5–43.5%)

3464 (43.0%)

43.0 (43.0–43.0%)

 Others or no comorbidities

1145 (13.1%)

13.1% (13.1–13.1%)

961 (11.9%)

11.9% (11.9–11.9%)

Population sector

 General Jewish

8480 (97.1%)

84.7% (84.1–85.5%)

7672 (95.1%)

85.0% (84.3–85.8%)

 Ultra-Orthodox Jewish

106 (1.2%)

3.7% (3.3–4.1%)

255 (3.2%)

3.4% (3.0–3.8%)

 Arab

145 (1.7%)

11.6% (10.9–12.2%)

138 (1.7%)

11.6% (10.9–12.3%)

Residency in a nursing home or bedridden

 Yes

5146 (58.9%)

58.9% (58.9–58.9%)

4387 (54.4%)

54.4% (54.4–54.4%)

 No

3585 (41.1%)

41.1% (41.1–41.1%)

3678 (45.6%)

45.6% (45.6–45.6)

  1. *Based on 1:1 bootstrap matching (i.e., 8728 HD patients matched with 8728 SD controls in each repetition) with 1000 repetitions. The total matching included 403,065 recipients of the SD vaccine (see Supplementary Table 5).
  2. **Based on 1:1 bootstrap matching (i.e., 8063 HD patients matched with 8063 SD controls in each repetition) with 1000 repetitions. The total matching included 377,126 recipients of the SD vaccine (see Supplementary Table 5).
  3. ***For a detailed explanation of the sociodemographic score, please see Supplement Note 1.
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