Fig. 4: Systemic cellular immune response against nucleoprotein and spike SARS-CoV-2 variants after Nc-SwF and Nc-SwFN immunizations. | npj Vaccines

Fig. 4: Systemic cellular immune response against nucleoprotein and spike SARS-CoV-2 variants after Nc-SwF and Nc-SwFN immunizations.

From: Intranasal spike and nucleoprotein fusion protein-based vaccine provides cross-protection and reduced transmission against SARS-CoV-2 variants

Fig. 4: Systemic cellular immune response against nucleoprotein and spike SARS-CoV-2 variants after Nc-SwF and Nc-SwFN immunizations.

Female Balb/c mice were immunized twice at 3-week intervals by intranasal route with nanocarriers alone (Nc) (n = 6 animals), Nc-SwF (n = 6 animals) and Nc-SwFN complexation (n = 6 animals). Spleen and lung cells were stimulated by nucleoprotein and spike protein from SARS-CoV-2 Wuhan, Delta, and Omicron strains and IFN-γ (A, D, G, J, M, and P), IL-2 (B, E, H, K, N, and Q) and IL-17 (C, F, I, L, O, and R) cytokines were quantified by MACSPlex Cytokine kit after 72 hours. Data were analyzed by Kruskal–Wallis test (*p < 0.05, **p < 0.01).

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