Fig. 4: The ELISPOT assay was used to evaluate cytokine levels induced by different vaccines. | npj Vaccines

Fig. 4: The ELISPOT assay was used to evaluate cytokine levels induced by different vaccines.

From: A novel nanoparticle vaccine displaying multistage tuberculosis antigens confers protection in mice infected with H37Rv

Fig. 4

C57BL/6 mice were immunized twice with a 3-week interval, and spleen cells were collected in the sixth week. a IFN-γ, IL-2, TNF-α and IL-4 cytokine were measured following 85A antigen stimulation in the 85A-NP:EC-NP:RT-NP, 85A:EC:RT, 85A-NP, 85A and saline groups. b IFN-γ, IL-2, TNF-α and IL-4 cytokine were assessed after EC antigen stimulation in the 85A-NP:EC-NP:RT-NP, 85A:EC:RT, EC-NP, EC and saline groups. c IFN-γ, IL-2, TNF-α and IL-4 cytokine were evaluated following RT antigen stimulation in the 85A-NP:EC-NP:RT-NP, 85A:EC:RT, RT-NP, RT and saline groups. d IFN-γ, IL-2, TNF-α and IL-4 cytokine levels were measured following stimulation with a mixture of 85A, EC and RT antigens at equal concentrations in the nanoparticle mixture group (85A-NP: EC-NP: RT-NP) and recombinant antigen mixture group (85A: EC: RT), and then compared with the levels in the corresponding individual groups (85A-NP, EC-NP, RT-NP) and the M72-like group. Data are presented as the mean ± SEM (n = 6 mice per group). Statistical analysis was performed using one-way ANOVA followed by Tukey’s multiple comparison test. “Ns” indicates no statistical significance (P > 0.05), while *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, ***P < 0.001 and ****P < 0.0001 indicate significant differences.

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