Fig. 2: Vaccine immunogenicity in the presence and absence of preexisting RABV immunity.
From: Immunogenicity and safety of a rabies-based highly pathogenic influenza A virus H5 vaccine in cattle
Rabies virus (strain CVS-11) VNAs (IU/ml) in cattle sera were determined by Rapid fluorescent focus inhibition test (RFFIT) in prime only with adjuvant (A), prime- boost without adjuvant (B) and prime-boost with adjuvant (C). Comparison of day 42 VNA titers is shown (D). Cattle immunization and blood draw schedule (E). Six cattle were immunized twice with 100 μg/dose of BPL-inactivated, SEPPIC-SWETM adjuvanted RABV-GP38 vaccine. On Day 200, the cattle were vaccinated with the same dose of RABV-H5 with SEPPIC-SWE; and on day 2283 cattle received another dose of the adjuvanted RABV-H5 vaccine. Syringes represent immunizations, and blood tubes indicate the days blood was drawn. Created with Biorender.com. VSV∆G-H5-GFP virus-neutralization titers (NT50) (F), PR8-H5N1 virus-neutralization titers (100% neutralization) (G), A/cattle/Texas/56283/2024 (H5N1) virus-neutralization titers (100% neutralization) (H) and Rabies virus-neutralization titers (IU/ml) (I) are shown. Open circles in (I) refer to cows receiving 1 dose of the H5N1 vaccine 3 total doses of the RABV vector while closed circles refer to 2 H5 doses and 4 total RABV doses. Bars represent the mean values, and error bars indicate standard deviation. Ordinary one-way ANOVA with Tukey’s Multiple Comparison Test was used to determine statistical differences between groups (****p < 0.0001; ***p ≤ 0.0008; **p ≤ 0.0024; *p ≤ 0.047; ns not significant). The dotted line indicates 0.5IU/mL, the WHO-accepted protective antibody level against RABV.
