Correction to: npj Vaccines https://doi.org/10.1038/s41541-025-01222-w, published online 22 July 2025

In this article author name Kaixin Wu was incorrectly written as Kaixing Wu. Also, in the Acknowledgement section the funding number 2023YFD2400702 should have read 2023YFC2812102. The original article has been corrected.