Fig. 5: Separation performance of composite membrane for different stable O/W emulsions.

Photomicrographs and images of a T/W, b S/W, c H/W and d C/W emulsions before and after PVDF/PVA/LPB/MOF membrane filtration. eThe particle size of different emulsions. f Water flux and separation efficiency of PVDF/PVA/LPB/MOF membrane in different emulsions (s.d.). g Water flux and separation efficiency of different mixed membranes in cyclohexane-in-water emulsion (s.d.).