Fig. 6: Surface images of the sorbent after reuse using Joule-heating and photothermal effect.

Surface images of the sorbent after the reusability test: (a) after the 6th cycle using the Joule-heating effect, (b) after the 6th cycle using the photothermal effect, and (c) after the 10th cycle using the photothermal effect, along with a schematic showing the damage process of the sorbent using the Joule-heating effect.