Fig. 9: Comparison of ion migration pathways in symmetric-AEM and conventional FCDI. | npj Clean Water

Fig. 9: Comparison of ion migration pathways in symmetric-AEM and conventional FCDI.

From: Symmetric anion exchange membranes enhance arsenic removal and overcome conductivity limitations in FCDI systems

Fig. 9: Comparison of ion migration pathways in symmetric-AEM and conventional FCDI.The alternative text for this image may have been generated using AI.

Schematic diagrams illustrating the principle of operation and key ion migration pathways. a The symmetric-AEM configuration, which uses two anion-exchange membranes, facilitates anion (arsenate and chloride) transport. b The conventional FCDI configuration uses one anion-exchange membrane and one cation-exchange membrane. c Schematic diagram of equipment operation in SCC mode.

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