Extended Data Fig. 7: Melt deposit and impact craters on Ryugu grains.
a. SE image of a silicate melt on a carbonate surface. b. SE image of an impact crater on phyllosilicate. The dotted line denotes an extraction location of a FIB section for transmission electron microscope (TEM) analysis. c. BF-TEM image of the impact crater in (b). The crater floor consists of an amorphous zone (Am) including vesicles (V). The arrows indicate the space-weathered rim of phyllosilicate. The grain surface is protected by a platinum coat (Pt-C). d. HAADF-STEM image of the impact crater. The open box corresponds to an enlarged image of the crater floor shown in (e). e HAADF-STEM image oftheamorphousregioninthecraterfloorwithdimensionsof187nm × 208 nm.Solid- line box and dotted-line box are 15 nm × 15 nm in size, and show analysis areas of a vesicle region and an amorphous region, respectively, for electron energy-loss spectra. f. Oxygen K-edge spectra of the vesicle region (vesicle) and the amorphous region (am- silicate). The black triangle denotes a sharp π* peak of oxygen at 531 eV. The bottom spectrum (subtraction) is produced by subtracting the spectrum of the vesicle from the amorphous spectrum (see Methods). g. SE image of the impact crater on breunnerite surface. h. BF-TEM image of the crater on breunnerite. Dark contrast beneath the crater floor corresponds to the defect-rich zone. Pt-C is the protective platinum coat. Sample IDs are A0104-021002 (b-f) and A0104-021004 (a, g, h).
