Fig. 2: Design and in vivo validation of LIRAs.

a, Schematic of the LIRA design and its interaction mechanism with the input RNA. Binding between the input RNA and the LIRA loop domain triggers release of the RBS and the start codon (AUG) to activate translation. b, ON/OFF fluorescence ratios of a library of 24 different LIRAs. c, Leakage comparison of LIRAs and four toehold switches measuring GFP fluorescence in the absence of the input RNA. d, Crosstalk evaluation for 16 selected LIRA devices. e, Detection of full-length mRNAs using LIRAs. Measurements were taken 3 h after induction with IPTG, n = 3 biological replicates, bars represent the arithmetic mean ± s.d. for b and e and the geometric mean ± s.d. for c.