Extended Data Fig. 5: Histochemical analysis of hypothalamic neural pathways associated with response to pFUS after 20 days of daily stimulation in the ZDF model.
a. cFOS immunohistochemistry images show the number of activated neurons in unstimulated (left) versus pFUS stimulated (right) animals. Images were segmented on the paraventricular nucleus (PVN; green), dorsal medial nucleus (DMN; yellow), ventromedial nucleus (VMN; red), arcuate nucleus (ARC; blue), and lateral hypothalamus (LH; purple) Scale bar = 200 microns. b. Data showing the percent change in the number of cFos expressing cells with pFUS compared to sham controls in each segmented hypothalamic region (PVN, DMN, VMN, ARC, LH), images shown represent one set of sham versus stimulated paired (n = 3; data shown as mean ± s.e.). c. Histochemical analysis of paraffin-embedded rat brain tissue labeling BDNF antibody showing the unstimulated control (left) and pFUS stimulated animals (right). As observed an increase in BDNF staining was visible in the hypothalamus (with prominence in the arcuate and ventromedial hypothalamus), thalamic and hippocampal brain regions. Images are included as partial coronal sections to demonstrate total BDNF activation by pFUS across a number of brain regions. d. Histochemical analysis of paraffin embedded rat brain tissue labeling GLUT-4 receptor antibody showing hypothalamic (left) and hippocampal (right) staining patterns. As observed an increase in both hypothalamic and hippocampal GLUT-4 translocation occurred following hepatic pFUS (right) as compared to unstimulated sham controls (left).
