Extended Data Fig. 5: Treatment with ButM in unsensitized mice increased relative abundance of Clostridium clusters in the ileum and feces.

a, Experimental schema. Mice were treated for five weeks with vancomycin, either by i.g. gavage pre-weaning or in the drinking water post-weaning. Upon cessation of treatment, mice were treated with PBS (n = 8) or 800 mg kg−1 ButM (n = 12) twice daily. Fecal samples were collected just after ending antibiotic administration (pre-treatment) or after two weeks of treatment with PBS or ButM (post-treatment) (as in Fig. 4), and ileal contents were collected at euthanasia. b, Relative abundance of bacterial taxa in feces and ileal contents. c, Differentially abundant taxa in feces between mice treated with PBS or ButM post-treatment analyzed by LEfSe. d, Differentially abundant taxa in ileal contents between mice treated with PBS or ButM post-treatment analyzed by LEfSe. QD: once a day.