Extended Data Fig. 4: Benchtop validation of simultaneous optogenetic stimulation and electrical recording in PBS.
From: A wireless and battery-less implant for multimodal closed-loop neuromodulation in small animals
a, Experimental setup in which the device was submerged in PBS to simulate the electrical conduction of the body of a rat. The device performed simultaneous bilateral optical stimulation at 5 Hz (50% duty cycle) and electrical recording. The electrical signal was fed through PBS by a function generator that performed a cyclic frequency sweep (0.5 → 100 → 0.5 Hz) with a constant amplitude. b, Spectrogram showing recorded signal from the test. The signal showed clean frequency characteristics without interference from the μ-ILEDs, which would show as a horizontal band at 5 Hz if it existed. The video recording of the experiment is provided as Supplementary Video 1.
