Extended Data Fig. 7: Detection, reaction, and perception of thermal stimulation for non-amputee participants.

a, Probability of detecting cooling sensations in individual intact limb participants. Data presented as performance per block of five independent trials, n = 20 independent trials (4 blocks) for all conditions except for n = 25 independent trials (5 blocks) for B3 with the bulk device. b, Reaction time and c, perceived intensity of thermal stimulation, n represents number of independent trials where cooling sensation was perceived. Data are presented from individual trials where cooling was perceived. The target temperature was set to 16 °C for all devices. In all instances, the thin-film device led to faster and more intense thermal perception during stimulation of the index fingertip. Bar plots are presented as mean ± s.e.m. of individual trials, P values were generated with a two-sided Mann-Whitney U test.