Extended Data Fig. 2: Evaluation of glucose-responsive insulin kinetics of encapsulated islets in perifusion simulation model.
a,b, Model settings for the perifusion simulation with non-encapsulated (a) and encapsulated (b) islets. The variable ci|j denotes the concentration species i in subdomain j. Top images show the 3-dimensional model; bottom images show the boundary conditions applied in the simulation on a representative 2-dimensional cross section. c–g, Settings and results of the in silico dynamic perifusion simulation to compare glucose-stimulated insulin secretion kinetics in non-encapsulated and encapsulated islets. (c) Inlet glucose concentration settings of the perifusion simulation, featuring three 60 min glucose regimens: an initial low-concentration (2.8 mM) phase, followed by a high-concentration (16.7 mM) phase, and finally a return to the low concentration (2.8 mM) regime; inset plots show the continuous transition of glucose concentration between regimens occurring over 2 min. Schematic showing the in silico representation of the perifusion test. Non-encapsulated (left) and encapsulated (right) islets were positioned in flowing media and exposed to the variable glucose regime, producing a simulated insulin outflux. (d) Glucose concentration (as a volume-average) in islets over time during the in silico perfusion test. (e) Surface plots of the glucose concentration in the perifusion system at 120 and 150 min with non-encapsulated (left) and encapsulated (right) islets. (f) Outlet flux (normalized by IEQ) of insulin over time during the in silico perifusion test. (g) Surface plots of insulin concentration in the perifusion system at 120 and 150 min with non-encapsulated (left) and encapsulated (right) islets.
