Extended Data Fig. 3: Comparison of the threshold amplitude that evoked sensation in the missing limb (with co-activation in the residual limb) and the threshold amplitude that evoked sensation only in the residual limb.

The threshold amplitude for each testing day was determined by increasing the stimulation amplitude in 0.5 or 1 mA steps and asking the participants to report the location where they perceived the evoked sensation. Error bars show the mean ± standard deviation across multiple days (N = 4 for Participant 1, N = 13 for Participant 2 and N = 8 for Participant 3).