Extended Data Fig. 9: DNA matrix induce immunostimulation in human cells. | Nature Biomedical Engineering

Extended Data Fig. 9: DNA matrix induce immunostimulation in human cells.

From: Enantiomer-dependent and modification-free DNA matrix as an adjuvant for subunit vaccines against SARS-CoV-2 or pneumococcal infections

Extended Data Fig. 9: DNA matrix induce immunostimulation in human cells.The alternative text for this image may have been generated using AI.

a, mRNA expression of murine TLR9 in reference populations. Data are obtained from ImmGen ULI RNASeq database. b, mRNA expression of human TLR9 in reference populations. Data are obtained from the Human Protein Atlas database. c, mRNA expression of IL-6, TNF-α and CCL4 in hPBMCs was measured by RT-qPCR (n = 3/group). hPBMCs were pretreated with or without CQ (10 μM) for 30 min, followed by stimulation with or without DNA matrix (100 μg/mL) for another 6 hours. d, mRNA expression of IL-6, TNF-α and CCL4 in CAL-1 was measured by RT-qPCR (n = 3/group). CAL-1 cells were exposed to human GM-CSF (10 ng/mL) for 3 days, and then pretreated with or without CQ (10 μM) for 30 min, followed by stimulation with or without DNA matrix (100 μg/mL) for 3 hours. Data are shown as mean ± s.e.m. Statistical significance was determined by one-way ANOVA with Tukey correction (c and d). Data are representative of two independent experiments.

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