Extended Data Fig. 3: TX90p trends based on air and soil temperatures in summer from 1996 to 2021 over Europe.
From: Soil heat extremes can outpace air temperature extremes
From left to right, trend in TX90p based on air (TX90pAir) and soil temperatures (TX90pSoil), the difference between absolute values of trends in soil and air (Abs. TX90pSoil - TX90pAir), and the difference between trends where both trends are positive (Incr. TX90pSoil - TX90pAir). TX90p is defined as the percentage of hot days in boreal summer per year. Results are obtained from meteorological stations (a), a combination of CM SAF satellite data and the E-OBS dataset (b) and the ERA5Land reanalysis (c). Dots indicate areas with significant trends above the 90% confidence level.
