Extended Data Fig. 4: Decadal time series of climate forcing variables.

ERA5-Land Reanalysis Monthly87 2 m air temperature (a,b) and 10 m wind speed (c,d) across classes of surface area (a,c) and maximum depth (b,d). Legend labels define area class boundaries (for example green marks Asurf = 102–103 ha). Lines connect class-medians of ice-free (June-October) lake-year means, computed for each lake over 1960–2022 (nlakes = 8288). Black lines show linear regressions with 95% confidence interval bands. The figure shows that climate forcing is not biased toward specific morphometric lake classes.