Fig. 3: The effect of the material recovery rate and initial recycling costs on material circularity and recyclers’ net income.
From: Role of the social factors in success of solar photovoltaic reuse and recycle programmes
a, Cumulative materials from EOL PV modules and recycler net income assuming the use of the FRELP process and an initial recycling cost of US $18 per module; in this scenario, the recycler cumulative net income reaches US $1.6 billion and the net income is US $0.42 kg–1 in 2050. b, Cumulative recovered material value in 2050 as a function of the material recovery rate and initial recycling costs; high materials recovery and low initial recycling costs have a synergistic effect on value generation.
