Fig. 3: Model fingerprints.
From: Identifying energy model fingerprints in mitigation scenarios
a–d, Model typologies or ‘fingerprints’ of the TIAM-ECN (a), PRIMES (b), PROMETHEUS (c) and sector-coupled Euro-Calliope (d) models, for Europe in 2050, similar to Fig. 2. The axis for each indicator ranges between the ensemble median (ƞ) ± two standard deviations (σ). These medians and standard deviations are computed from the full ensemble, that is, the eight models and nine linearly increasing-price scenarios (excluding the current-policies scenarios), and the coloured shaded scenario ranges are for each individual model indicated by the panel titles. Data close to the centre reflect below-median results. Data towards the outer ring reflect above-median results. More details on the indicators are in Fig. 1.
