Table 1 Overview of model typologies
From: Identifying energy model fingerprints in mitigation scenarios
Responsiveness | Mitigation strategies | Energy supply | Electrification | Costs | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Carbon tax sensitivity | Scenario sensitivity | Reduction CI/EI | Carbon capture | Non-CO2 reduction compared to CO2 | Fossils/renewables/other | Low/medium/high | Cheap/medium/expensive | |
R1 | R4–5 | M1–2 | M3 | M4 | Es1–7 | Ed1–3 | C1 inverted | |
REMIND IT-GE | High (+1.8σ) | High (+1.3σ) | CI reduction (+1.2σ) | Medium (0.0σ) | Low (−1.2σ) | Renewables (+0.7σ) | High (+0.9σ) | Cheap (−0.6σ) |
Euro-Calliope IT | Medium (+0.5σ) | High (+1.2σ) | CI reduction (+0.5σ) | – | – | Renewables (+1.3σ) | – (−) | – |
IMAGE RD-PE | Medium (+0.5σ) | Medium (+0.5σ) | CI reduction (+0.5σ) | High (+1.1σ) | Low (−1.1σ) | Fossils (+0.7σ) | Medium (−0.5σ) | Medium (0.0σ) |
PRIMES IT-PE | Medium (+0.1σ) | Medium (−0.3σ) | EI reduction (+0.4σ) | Medium (−0.4σ) | High (+1.0σ) | Renewables (+0.1σ) | Medium (0.0σ) | – |
PROMETHEUS RD-PE | Medium (−0.3σ) | Medium (0.0σ) | EI reduction (+0.7σ) | Low (−0.9σ) | – | Other (+1.9σ) | Medium (0.0σ) | – |
WITCH IT-GE | Medium (−0.4σ) | Medium (+0.4σ) | EI reduction (+2.1σ) | High (+1.1σ) | Medium (0.0σ) | Fossils (+1.0σ) | High (+0.7σ) | Expensive (+0.6σ) |
MESSAGEix-GLOBIOM IT-GE | Medium (−0.5σ) | Medium (+0.2σ) | EI reduction (−0.7σ) | High (+1.1σ) | Medium (+0.1σ) | Fossils (+0.5σ) | Medium (−0.4σ) | Medium (0.0σ) |
TIAM-ECN IT-PE | Low (−1.6σ) | Medium (−0.4σ) | EI reduction (−1.7σ) | Medium (−0.3σ) | High (+1.8σ) | Fossil (+1.4σ) | Low (−0.9σ) | Expensive (+2.8σ) |
