Extended Data Fig. 1: Sensitivity analysis.

Shown are the main results from Fig. 4 with electricity-price difference of 40 EUR/MWh, while varying the WACC on the RE-rich exporter between 5% and 20% (a–c), relative changes in CAPEX between -50% and +100% (d–f), transport cost for H2 between 5 EUR/MWh and 90 EUR/MWh (g–i), whether the heat for DAC is provided by a heat pump or not (j–k) and whether existing grey plants (hot rolling in steel, HB-ASU, urea synth.) can be repurposed (l–m).