Extended Data Fig. 1: Sensitivity analysis of the power system expansion model for results in 2050 under different temporal coverage scenarios.

(a) Capacity (GW) of pumped hydro storage (left) and battery storage (right). (b) Transmission capacity (TW-km). (c) Capacity (GW) of utility-scale (left) and distributed (right) solar PV. (d) Capacity (GW) of onshore wind (left) and offshore wind (right). (e) Generation share (0--1) of different generators within the modelling period. UPV: utility-scale photovoltaics; DPV: distributed photovoltaics; PHS: pumped hydro storage; BAT: battery.