Extended Data Fig. 4: Illustration of application of the new technique to data.
From: An initial map of fine-scale heterogeneity in the Earth’s inner core

Illustration of application of the new technique to data. This example uses the 11/27/73 event. (a) shows the seismogram (black) and envelope (cyan) from beamforming at N-S slowness 0.012 km/s and E-W slowness −0.012 km/s. The red dashed line marks energy corresponding to a particular scattering volume in the IC and the blue dashed lines delimit the time window used for the energy estimate for that lapse time and slowness vector. (b) and (c) correspond to Extended Data Figs. 3a and 3b, and the black diamond indicates the location of the resolved scatterer. (d) shows the 2D beamforming summation as a function of the slowness vector for the time window 20–100 seconds after PKiKP. The black diamond is the slowness chosen for the illustration in (a), (b), and (c). The two dashed rings indicate the slowness expected for arrivals from the rims of the inner core and outer core.