Extended Data Fig. 4: Effects of petrology and depth of the end of the seismogenic zone.

In a) the gray curve is the median coseismic slip for great ruptures from the preferred model. The blue curve is the median coseismic slip for great ruptures from a model in which the Upper and Lower Seismogenic Zone are controlled by the frictional behavior of altered basalt (a – b and μ₀ are obtained from ref. ⁸⁶ while the rest of frictional parameters are the same as the preferred model in Table 1). The red curve is the median coseismic slip for great ruptures from the initial model. In b) gray and green curves show the median coseismic slip for great ruptures in which the end of the seismogenic zone is increased. Isotherm in b) is obtained from our computed thermal distribution. Gray and green dashed curves mark the depth in which ends the seismogenic zone for each model. Error bars in data of Plafker and Savage are reported as mean errors as function of the methodology in which uplift was measured. In c) the red curve is the interpolation at 43° S of the 3D coseismic slip model from ref. ⁴⁰. Gray and green curves are the mean coseismic slip distribution for large ruptures, with the same changes in the end of the seismogenic zone as b).