Fig. 3: Partitioning between atmospheric deposition and GCN into TF nitrate fluxes and its ecological relevance.
From: Substantial contribution of tree canopy nitrifiers to nitrogen fluxes in European forests

a, Partitioning of the NO3−–N TF fluxes into the two main sources (atmosphere and GCN, mean and s.d., n = 19) obtained using fBio from Fig. 2 (more details are provided in the Methods). b, Difference between TF and BD for NO3−–N fluxes as measured (without GCN) and after accounting for GCN (with GCN). The grey line in a indicates the mean NO3−–N flux in TF across all sites, that is, 5.03 kg N ha−1 yr−1. Each point is the mean calculated over two or three sampling dates (n = 19; see Extended Data Table 4 for data). The orange and green rectangles to the right indicate the range of apparent release (source) and apparent retention (sink) of NO3−–N by forest canopies, respectively.