Extended Data Fig. 10: CMIP6 AMOC Pathway.
From: Wind-steered Eastern Pathway of the Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation
Isopycnal depth and cross-gyre meridional velocity and transport in CMIP6 pre-industrial control simulations. Isopycnal depth (colour and grey contours) and velocity (vector) with velocity with larger than 0.2 cm/s plotted (a), meridional velocity at 45°N (color) with potential density overlaid (black contours) (b), and the zonally integrated meridional velocity across the basin (\({\int }_{{X}_{W}}^{{X}_{E}}{vdx},\) black), the western basin (\({\int }_{{X}_{W}}^{30W}{vdx},\) blue) and the eastern basin (c) in CanESM5 model (σ2 = 36.85 kg/m3). (d–f) in CNRM (σ2 = 37.0 kg/m3). (g–i) in MIROC (σ2 = 36.75 kg/m3). (j–l) in E3SM (σ2 = 36.95 kg/m3). (m–o) in BCC. (p–r) in GISS (σ2 = 37.1 kg/m3). These models show excessive export of NADW either via the Eastern Pathway (a-l) or close to the western boundary (p-r).
