Extended Data Fig. 4: Meridional velocity at 47°N in the western Atlantic.
From: Wind-steered Eastern Pathway of the Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation

(a) Meridional velocity in HighRes, with the steadiness \(s=\bar{v}/\sigma (v)\) in black dots for 1/2 ≤ s < 1 and yellow dots for 1 ≤ s; green line is the isopycal of σ2 = 37.1 kg/m3. (b) Same as (a) but in FLAME (σ2 = 36.92 kg/m3). The simulated meridional velocity compares well with the observed meridional velocity in Fig. 1 from ref. 38.