Fig. 1: Kilauea volcanic plume.
From: Substantial cooling effect from aerosol-induced increase in tropical marine cloud cover
a,The SO2 plumes observed by satellite in June and July 2018. The colour shows the SO2 (Dobson unit, DU) plume in the planetary boundary layer observed by Ozone Mapping and Profiler Suite sensor on the Suomi-NPP satellite, launched in October 2011. Here we aggregate the daily level-two product of the boundary layer column SO2 (horizontal resolution of about 50 km) to a two-month average. The studied region is marked by a pink box, where plume dispersal was sufficient and is also displaced from the Hawaii islands to avoid orographic effects. b, Conceptual picture of volcanic aerosol plume interacts with shallow convective marine clouds, leading to increase of cloud cover, precipitation and more reflected solar radiation back to space.
