Fig. 1: Bed topography of the EAIS.
From: Extensive fluvial surfaces at the East Antarctic margin have modulated ice-sheet evolution
a, Bed elevation of the study area (relative to mean sea level) from BedMachine4 version 3. Thin black lines mark the modern grounding line and ice calving front. Thick black lines mark the locations of RES profiles shown in panels b–e. Geographical features mentioned in the text are labelled. Inset shows the study area (red box) within Antarctica. b, Elevation-corrected radargram from the 2017 CHINARE (CHA2) survey24 (profile B–B’). c, Elevation-corrected radargram from the 2019 Operation IceBridge survey25 (profile C–C’). d, Elevation-corrected radargram from the 2009 ICECAP survey15 (profile D–D’). e, Elevation-corrected radargram from the 2019 Operation IceBridge survey25 (profile E–E’). In each radargram, the solid line marks the ice surface; the major reflector below is the bed topography. Elevations are relative to the WGS84 ellipsoid. Flight line ID numbers are labelled.
