Fig. 2: Topographic profiles and subsurface sediment thicknesses.
From: Late Miocene Euphrates River drained into a partially desiccated eastern Mediterranean
a–c, Profiles along the Palaeo-Karasu (a), Palaeo-Murat (b) and modern Euphrates (c) rivers, showing the present-day distribution of Late Miocene to Early Pliocene deposits (green highlighted areas), undifferentiated Pliocene-aged accumulations (yellow highlighted area) and fault traces at the surface. The locations of avulsion nodes in Early Pliocene (red ring), Late Pliocene (green ring) and Pleistocene (blue ring) are interpreted to have been caused by deformation associated with uplift and faulting. Long-wavelength cumulative uplift (grey dotted lines) over the last 18 Myr is from ref. 21. See Fig. 1a,b for location of profiles and legends. Coal mines are marked by hammer and pick symbols. Stratigraphic columns are from refs. 29 (a), 30 (b) and 31 (c). d,e, Surface profiles at the coast, displayed over Late Miocene deposits at depth61,62,63,64,65,66,67,68. Spatial correspondences of current fluvial systems to the thickest accumulations of the Handere (d) and Nahr Menashe (e) are interpreted to represent topographic inheritance from the Late Miocene.
