Extended Data Fig. 2: Subjective reports from doctors and patients during the doctor–patient interaction phase in Study 1.

(A) A demonstration of the experimental design. (B) Patients reported experiencing less pain in the thermedol treatment compared to the control treatment based on their maximal pain level from their continuous pain ratings. (C) Doctors’ beliefs formed in the Doctor Conditioning phase were maintained and showed no change after administering each treatment. (D) Patients reported findings the doctors more empathetic in the thermedol treatment compared to the control treatment. All panels include data from 24 dyads. Error bars represent S.E.M.