Fig. 3: SNP estimates from weighted and unweighted genome-wide analyses.
From: Participation bias in the UK Biobank distorts genetic associations and downstream analyses
a,b, Summary of the comparison between SNP effects obtained from wGWA and standard GWA analyses on 19 traits. Panel a summarizes the proportions of overestimated and underestimated SNP effects as a result of participation bias. Shown in b are the numbers and proportions of SNPs reaching genome-wide significance in standard GWA, wGWA or both (GWA and wGWA). The scatter plots to the right plot the weighted (|𝛽w|) against the unweighted (|𝛽|) SNP effects for four selected traits.
