Table 4 Generated climate headlines for the truth discrimination task

From: Psychological inoculation strategies to fight climate disinformation across 12 countries

Coding

Climate-relevant news headline

True_Supporting_1

Earth’s average temperature continues to rise, setting new record highs each decade.

True_ Supporting_2

Human activities, such as burning fossil fuels, are the main cause of climate change.

True_ Supporting_3

Climate change is leading to more intense and frequent natural disasters.

True_ Supporting_4

The transportation sector is a significant contributor to greenhouse gas emissions.

True_ Supporting_5

Rising seas could displace hundreds of millions of people by the end of the century.

True_Delaying_1

Projections of Regional Impacts of Climate Change are Subject to Uncertainty.

True_Delaying_2

Transportation Sector Transition to Electric Vehicles Can Cost Billions in Infrastructure Upgrades.

True_Delaying_3

Brazil Missing Paris Agreement Targets with Deforestation and Agricultural Expansion Driving Up Emissions.

True_Delaying_4

China’s continued construction of coal-fired power plants threatens progress on climate goals.

True_Delaying_5

Developing Countries Require $40 Billion Annually to Mitigate Climate Change.

False_Supporting_1

Climate change will cause the extinction of up to 75% of all species on Earth.

False_Supporting_2

Global temperatures may rise by up to 20°C by the end of the century, potentially resulting in widespread drought and famine due to climate change.

False_Supporting_3

The Earth may enter a period of ‘runaway warming’ that cannot be stopped, which could lead to the collapse of civilization due to climate change.

False_Supporting_4

Germany Leads the Way in Renewable Energy, with Nearly 65% of Electricity Generated from Renewables.

False_Supporting_5

Climate Catastrophe: Entire Cities to be Submerged by Rising Seas Within Decades.

False_Delaying_1

Extreme Weather: Natural variability, not human activity, is the main driver of extreme weather events.

False_Delaying_2

The Climate Challenge Can Be Addressed Through Innovation and Technology Advancements in Fossil Fuels.

False_Delaying_3

Carbon Dioxide is Not a Pollutant, but a Benefit to the Environment.

False_Delaying_4

Catastrophic Consequences of Global Warming are Inevitable and Unavoidable.

False_Delaying_5

Renewable Energy is Costly and Inefficient, and Should Not be Subsidized.

  1. ‘True/False’ refers to true or false statements; ‘Supporting/Delaying’ refers to statements supporting or opposing climate science and action.