Fig. 2: Relationship of 403 disease diagnoses with childlessness by age 45 in women and age 50 in men in 71,524 full-sister and 77,622 full-brother pairs who were discordant on childlessness, using a matched case–control design.

a,b, Odds ratios (ORs) are computed for each disease diagnosis (left) and averaged over disease categories (right). The error bars indicate 95% CIs. Only disease diagnoses that are significantly associated with childlessness after multiple-testing correction (P < 1.5 × 10−4) are coloured. Labels are assigned only for certain disease diagnoses that are described in the text.