Fig. 1: Evidence for a like me effect in language production.

a, Example events (from stimuli used in experiment 2). b, Instructions for the trial procedure. Participants saw a reversing image followed by a sentence frame, and then typed a response using the figure names and the frame. They completed 40 gender trials and 40 race trials. c, Results from experiments 1 through 3. Percentage of trials on which participants’ descriptions began with the person like them, on gender trials and on race trials, split by grammatical frame (experiment 1, n = 196; experiment 2, n = 195; experiment 3, n = 196). The large dots show conditional means with bootstrapped 95% CIs, and the small dots show individual participant means. The dashed black lines mark unbiased (50%) behaviour. The axes are trimmed from 20% to 80% to highlight the critical data region.