Fig. 2: Relationship between the performance on the four decoding tasks and on the reading comprehension task. | Nature Human Behaviour

Fig. 2: Relationship between the performance on the four decoding tasks and on the reading comprehension task.

From: Inadequate foundational decoding skills constrain global literacy goals for pupils in low- and middle-income countries

Fig. 2: Relationship between the performance on the four decoding tasks and on the reading comprehension task.

a–d, Scatter plots of the data from the reading comprehension task (y axis) and from one of the four decoding tasks (x axis): letter name identification (number of letters named accurately in one minute) (a), letter sound identification (number of letter sounds produced accurately in one minute) (b), non-word reading (number of non-words read aloud accurately in one minute) (c) and oral reading fluency (number of words read aloud accurately in one minute) (d). Reading comprehension scores were included only where the maximum possible number of items was between four and six. Two-sided Pearson r values and the associated P values are shown in the top-left corner of each panel. The grey shading around the linear regression lines represents the 95% confidence interval.

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