Extended Data Fig. 7: Validation datasets demographics.
From: Biological markers and psychosocial factors predict chronic pain conditions
Top: Color legend indicates the categories for the three demographic dimensions analyzed in each validation dataset (sex, race/ethnicity, and age). a, Demographics for the All of Us Research Program (AoU) are shown with pie charts for the entire cohort and stacked barplots for the subset of participants used for validation of the composite blood signature, categorized by each diagnosis and the healthy control group. Demographics are similarly depicted for the OpenPain datasets b, Ethnicity/race data were not available for the OpenPain datasets. c, Cohen’s d analysis shows the Cohen’s d effect size of pain impact comparing patient and control groups within a subset of OpenPain, measured by the Brief Depression Inventory (BDI) and Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) for pain intensity in the last 24 hours. Error bars indicate the 95% confidence interval, estimated from 1,000 bootstrap samples. Statistical significance is determined use a two-sided Wilcoxon rank-sum test (all P < 0.001). d, Demographic and general health characteristics within the UK Biobank (Top row) and All of Us Research Program (Bottom row) are shown with pie charts for the entire cohorts.
