Fig. 5: Phase accumulation versus space-time coordinates.
From: Space-time crystals from particle-like topological solitons
a, Schematic of the phase accumulation process when the blue driving light (450 nm, shown by blue arrows) passes through the cell. b, Spatial and temporal distributions of the output light polarizations within one temporal (T) and spatial (L) period, as the 450-nm linearly polarized input driving light passes through the cell. c, Schematic of the phase accumulation process when the modulated light (1,300 nm; red arrows) passes through the cell. Linear and elliptical polarization states of the light in a and c are marked by the black double arrows and ellipses, respectively. Cylinder colours represent the azimuthal angles of n(r) orientation defined by the scheme in the right inset of a. d, Spatial and temporal distributions of the output light polarizations within one T and L period, as the 1,300-nm linearly polarized input modulated light passes through the cell. In b and d, left- and right-handed elliptical polarization states are marked by blue and red arrows, respectively.
