Fig. 3: FUS-based mechanogenetic activation in a 3D organoid model.
From: Tumour priming by ultrasound mechanogenetics for CAR T therapy
a, Schematic illustration of the experimental workflow showing PC-3-CaDox–mCherry cell-derived organoid formation, FUS stimulation (2 MHz, 1 min on/4 min off, six cycles), doxycycline (200 nM) treatment and mCherry imaging 6 h post-activation. b, Representative differential interference contrast and mCherry fluorescence images of organoids under four conditions: no treatment (NC), FUS only, Dox only and combined Dox + FUS. Scale bar, 50 µm. Images are representative of ≥5 independent experiments. c, Quantification of mCherry fluorescence intensity in individual organoids from the four treatment groups: NC (n = 10), FUS only (n = 5), Dox only (n = 12) and Dox + FUS (n = 13). Each dot represents one organoid (biological replicate). Data are presented as mean ± s.e.m. Statistical significance was determined using ordinary one-way ANOVA with Tukey’s multiple comparisons test (two-sided). Adjusted P values are as follows: NC versus Dox + FUS, P < 0.0001; FUS versus Dox + FUS, P < 0.0001; Dox versus Dox + FUS, P < 0.0001; all other comparisons were not statistically significant (P > 0.28). **** denotes adjusted P < 0.0001. Panel a created with BioRender.com.
