Extended Data Fig. 9.: Influence of P. alcaligenes on PM formation.

a, Phylogenetic tree showing the relationship between P. alcaligenes and other Pseudomonas sp. based on 16S rRNA gene sequences using ClustalW and MEGA. b, Fold change of P. alcaligenes abundance in the midguts of An. stephensi 0 h prior to and 24 h post normal blood meal. The level of 16S rRNA gene was normalized to that of s7 gene. Data are presented as mean ± s.e.m (n = 10). Significance was determined by two-sided Student’s t-test. Images are representative of two independent experiments. c, Colonization efficacy of P. alcaligenes in antibiotics- treated mosquitoes. P. alcaligenes CFU were counted in the midguts of Abx (-) and P. alcaligenes (+) recolonized mosquitoes before blood feeding. Data are presented as mean ± s.e.m (n = 5). d, PAS staining of PM in Abx and P. alcaligenes recolonized mosquitoes 45 h post normal blood meal at 100× and 200× magnification. Red arrows indicate the PM. Images are representative of at least seven individual mosquito midguts. Scale bars represent 100 μm.