Fig. 4: Analysis of cloned progeny reveals linkage and epistatic interactions between pfcrt and pfaat1. | Nature Microbiology

Fig. 4: Analysis of cloned progeny reveals linkage and epistatic interactions between pfcrt and pfaat1.

From: Chloroquine resistance evolution in Plasmodium falciparum is mediated by the putative amino acid transporter AAT1

Fig. 4: Analysis of cloned progeny reveals linkage and epistatic interactions between pfcrt and pfaat1.The alternative text for this image may have been generated using AI.

a, Allelic inheritance of 109 unique recombinant progeny. Black and red blocks indicate alleles from 3D7 and NHP4026, separately. Vertical grey lines show non-core regions where no SNPs were genotyped. Left: clones isolated from recombinant progeny pools with or without CQ treatment are labelled. Right: pfaat1 and pfcrt alleles are labelled. WT indicates pfaat1 and pfcrt alleles from 3D7 and MUT indicates alleles from NHP4026. The location of pfaat1 and pfcrt is marked using black triangles on the top of the panel. b, Genome-wide 3D7 allele frequency plot of unique progeny cloned from pools after 96 h of CQ (250 nM) treatment (blue) or from control pools (gold). c, Linkage between loci on different chromosomes measured by Fisher’s exact test. The dotted vertical line marks the Bonferroni-corrected significance threshold (one-tailed), while points shown in red are comparisons between SNPs flanking pfaat1 and pfcrt. Supplementary Table 7 shows non-random associations between genotypes in parasite clones recovered from untreated cultures.

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