Table 1 Association between the presence of GBS DNA in the placenta and the risk of neonatal unit admission, classified by clinical assessment or histopathology

From: Placental Streptococcus agalactiae DNA is associated with neonatal unit admission and foetal pro-inflammatory cytokines in term infants

 

Placental GBS

Univariable analysis

Multivariable analysis

Positive n (%)

Negative n (%)

OR

95% CI

P

OR

95% CI

P

Neonatal unit admission

 Not admitted (N = 686)

20 (2.9)

666 (97.1)

      

 All admissions (N = 239)

16 (6.7)

223 (93.3)

2.4

1.2–4.6

0.009

2.3

1.4–4.5

0.02

By diagnosis

 No sepsis (N = 60)

2 (3.3)

58 (96.7)

1.1

0.3–4.6

0.85

1.0

0.2–4.4

0.99

 Possible sepsis (N = 90)

2 (2.2)

88 (97.8)

0.8

0.2–2.9

0.71

0.7

0.2–3.2

0.67

 Probable sepsis (N = 80)

10 (12.5)

70 (87.5)

4.8

2.2–10.3

<0.0001

4.5

2.0–10.1

0.0003

 Proven GBS sepsis (N = 3)

2 (66.7)

1 (33.3)

66.6

7.3–963.7

0.003

   

By histopathology

 No inflammation (N = 186)

9 (4.8)

177 (95.2)

1.7

0.7–3.6

0.19

1.5

0.6–3.3

0.36

 Chorioamnionitis (N = 44)

6 (13.6)

38 (86.4)

5.3

2.0–13.4

0.0002

5.3

2.0–14.1

0.0008

 Funisitis (N = 30)

5 (16.7)

25 (83.3)

6.7

2.5–17.7

0.0001

5.9

2.0–17.3

0.001

  1. For univariable analysis, unadjusted odds ratio (OR) with Baptista–Pike mid-P 95% CI and chi-squared test P values are presented. Due to small numbers, Fisher’s exact test two-sided P value is given for proven GBS sepsis. For multivariable analysis, OR, 95% CI and P values were estimated using logistic regression analysis, adjusted for maternal characteristics (age, BMI, smoking and marital status). Due to small numbers, multivariable analysis is omitted for proven GBS sepsis. Chorioamnionitis and funisitis were both present in 4 cases where the placenta was GBS DNA positive and in 19 of the cases when it was negative. The diagnosis for six cases of neonatal unit admission could not be confirmed due to missing information.
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