Fig. 4: Microbiome alterations associated with host age. | Nature Microbiology

Fig. 4: Microbiome alterations associated with host age.

From: Metabolic modelling reveals the aging-associated decline of host–microbiome metabolic interactions in mice

Fig. 4: Microbiome alterations associated with host age.The alternative text for this image may have been generated using AI.

a, Aging-associated changes in MAG abundance. b, Subsystem-level aging-associated changes in microbiome internal reaction fluxes. c, Aging-associated changes of host–microbiota metabolic exchange. d, Comparison of microbiome community growth rates derived from FBA or the PTR (30 months: n = 12; all others, n = 10; FDR-corrected P values from Dunn’s test following Kruskal–Wallis test). e, Aging-associated changes in model-predicted ecological interactions in the microbiota. Linear-model-derived regression with 95% confidence intervals (30 months: n = 12; all others, n = 10). f, Aging-associated changes in faecal metabolite concentrations in mice. All age-associated metabolites are shown (FDR-adjusted P ≤ 0.1 from Spearman correlations; log2(fold change (FC)) of 3 to 28 months; 3 months: n = 15; 9 months: n = 16; 15 months: n = 15; 24 months: n = 17; 28 months: n = 18; Supplementary Table 4.12). The origin of bile acids is indicated. ‘Both’ refers to bile acids produced by the host but regulated by the microbiota. Metabolites with the prefix ‘BA_Feature’ have not been fully resolved. incr., increase; decr., decrease; CA-7S, cholic acid-7-sulfate; CDCA-7S, chenodeoxycholic acid-7-sulfate; MCA, muricholic acid; TMCA, tauromuricholic acid. Box plot elements: centre line, median; box limits, 25–75% quantiles; whiskers, 1.5× interquartile range (IQR); points, outliers.

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