Table 1 Novel COVID-19 Vaccines and Therapeutics*

From: Rapid response through the entrepreneurial capabilities of academic scientists

Company

Date of first US FDA EUA issuance

Name of intervention (type of intervention)

University spin- off/collaboration with a university spin-off

US government funding prior to EUA issuance

Eli Lilly and Company, and AbCellera Biologics Inc.

09 November 2020

bamlanivimab (therapeutic, mAb IV infusion)

Yes

US$375M (Oct. 2020)***

US$812M (November 2020)

09 February 2021**

bamlanivimab and etesevimab (therapeutic, mAb IV infusion)

Regeneron Pharmaceuticals Inc.

21 November 2020

casirivimab and imdevimab (therapeutic, mAb IV infusion)

No****

US$82.4M (February 2020)

US$85.1M (June 2020)

US$450.3M (July 2020)

US$15.6M (November 2020)

Pfizer Inc. and BioNTech

11 December 2020

BNT162b1 (vaccine, mRNA)

Yes

US$1.95B (July 2020)

Moderna Therapeutics and NIAID

18 December 2020

mRNA-1273 (vaccine, mRNA)

Yes****

US$430.3M (April 2020)

US$53.0M (May 2020)

US$471.6M (July 2020)

Janssen Biotech Inc.

27 February 2021

JNJ-78436735 (vaccine, Ad26)

No

US$1.0B (August 2020)

  1. EUA, Emergency Use Authorization; mAb, monoclonal antibody.
  2. *Up to March 2021, using US FDA EUA data for novel COVID-19 vaccines and therapeutics. Kisby et al. (2021) provide a broader comparison of global EUA COVID-19 vaccines49.
  3. **In partnership with Shanghai Junshi Biosciences Co.
  4. ***AbCellera also received a 175.6M CAD investment from the Canadian government on 3 May 2020.
  5. ****Their platforms had been under development for several years prior to COVID-19 (Ebola treatment for Regeneron and Zika mRNA vaccine for Moderna).