Fig. 2: Perovskite film formation and morphology.
From: Nano-optical designs for high-efficiency monolithic perovskite–silicon tandem solar cells
a,b, Representative spin-coated perovskite films on planar (a) and nanotextured (b) silicon bottom cells covered by Me-4PACz (approximate area, 25 × 25 mm2). c, Fabrication yield of PCTSCs processed on planar and nanotextured silicon bottom cells. d,e, Side-view photographs of perovskite solution droplets on planar (d) and nanotextured (e) silicon substrate with roll-off angle (RA) and static contact angle (CA; inset) indicated. f, Projected area of domain sizes of perovskite layers deposited on planar and nanotextured substrates as determined from top-view SEM images (Supplementary Fig. 2). g, Azimuthal (χ) intensity profiles of the (100) reflection of perovskite averaged over 39 incidence angles from 0.1° to 2° as determined from GIWAXS measurements.
